General

Fleischhacker S, Vu M, Ries A, McPhail A. Engaging tribal leaders in an American Indian healthy eating project through modified talking circles. Fam Community Health. 2011;34(3):202-210.

Ghirardelli A, Quinn V, Foerster SB. Using geographic information systems and local food store data in California’s low-income neighborhoods to inform community initiatives and resources. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(11):2156-2162.

Rose D, Bodor JN, Swalm C, Rice J, Farley T, Hutchinson P. Deserts in New Orleans? Illustrations of urban food access and implications for policy. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan National Poverty Center/USDA Economic Research Service Research. 2009.

Rose D, Bodor JN, Hutchinson PL, Swaim CM. The importance of a multi-dimensional approach for studying the links between food access and Consumption^1-3. J Nutr. 2010;140(6):1170-1174.

Sallisa JF, Glanz K. Physical activity and food environments: Solutions to the obesity epidemic. Milbank Q. 2009;87(1):123-154.

Schäfer Elinder L, Jansson M. Obesogenic environments–aspects on measurement and indicators. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(03):307-315.

Sharkey JR. Measuring potential access to food stores and food-service places in rural areas in the U.S. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4):S151-S155.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Dean WR. Neighborhood deprivation, vehicle ownership, and potential spatial access to a variety of fruits and vegetables in a large rural area in Texas. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:26-52.

Smith C, Morton LW. Rural food deserts: Low-income perspectives on food access in Minnesota and Iowa. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior. 2009;41(3):176-187.

Treuhaft S, Karpyn A, PolicyLink (Organization), Trust F. The Grocery Gap: Who has Access to Healthy Food and Why it Matters. PolicyLink; 2010.

Van Meter EM, Lawson AB, Colabianchi N, et al. An evaluation of edge effects in nutritional accessibility and availability measures: A simulation study. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:40-51.

Walker RE, Keane CR, Burke JG. Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States: A review of food deserts literature. Health Place. 2010;16(5):876-884.

Webber CB, Rojhani A. Food or fuel: Rising gasoline prices and food access among WIC families in non-metropolitan southwest Michigan. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition. 2010;5(4):484-497.

Fast-food and Restaurant Environment

Ashe M, Jernigan D, Kline R, Galaz R. Land use planning and the control of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and fast food restaurants. Am J Public Health. 2003;93(9):1404-1408.

Austin SB, Melly SJ, Sanchez BN, Patel A, Buka S, Gortmaker SL. Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: A novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(9):1575-1581.

Bauer KW, Larson NI, Nelson MC, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Socio-environmental, personal and behavioural predictors of fast-food intake among adolescents. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1767-1774.

Block JP, Scribner RA, DeSalvo KB. Fast food, race/ethnicity, and income: A geographic analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27(3):211-217.

Boone-Heinonen J, Gordon-Larsen P, Kiefe CI, Shikany JM, Lewis CE, Popkin BM. Fast food restaurants and food stores: Longitudinal associations with diet in young to middle-aged adults: The CARDIA study. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171(13):1162-1170.

Boutelle KN, Fulkerson JA, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, French SA. Fast food for family meals: Relationships with parent and adolescent food intake, home food availability and weight status. Public Health Nutr. 2007;10(1):16-23.

Bowman SA, Gortmaker SL, Ebbeling CB, Pereira MA, Ludwig DS. Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics. 2004;113(1):112-118.

Brownell KD. Fast food and obesity in children. Pediatrics. 2004;113(1):132.

Burdette HL, Whitaker RC. Neighborhood playgrounds, fast food restaurants, and crime: Relationships to overweight in low-income preschool children. Prev Med. 2004;38(1):57-63.

Crawford DA, Timperio AF, Salmon JA, et al. Neighbourhood fast food outlets and obesity in children and adults: The CLAN study. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2008;3(4):249-256.

Creel JS, Sharkey JR, McIntosh A, Anding J, Huber JC,Jr. Availability of healthier options in traditional and nontraditional rural fast-food outlets. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:395.

Davis B, Carpenter C. Proximity of fast-food restaurants to schools and adolescent obesity. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(3):505-510.

Day PL, Pearce J. Obesity-promoting food environments and the spatial clustering of food outlets around schools. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(2):113-121.

Denney-Wilson E, Crawford D, Dobbins T, Hardy L, Okely AD. Influences on consumption of soft drinks and fast foods in adolescents. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2009;18(3):447-452.

Diller PA, Graff S. Regulating food retail for obesity prevention: How far can cities go? Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. 2011;39:89-93.

Duffey KJ, Gordon-Larsen P, Jacobs DR,Jr, Williams OD, Popkin BM. Differential associations of fast food and restaurant food consumption with 3-y change in body mass index: The coronary artery risk development in young adults study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85(1):201-208.

Francis DK, Van den Broeck J, Younger N, et al. Fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption: Association with overweight and high waist circumference in adolescents. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(8):1106-1114.

Frank L, Kerr J, Saelens B, Sallis J, Glanz K, Chapman J. Food outlet visits, physical activity and body weight: Variations by gender and race-ethnicity. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(2):124-131.

French SA, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D, Fulkerson JA, Hannan P. Fast food restaurant use among adolescents: Associations with nutrient intake, food choices and behavioral and psychosocial variables. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25(12):1823-1833.

Gibson DM. The neighborhood food environment and adult weight status: Estimates from longitudinal data. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(1):71-78.

Howard PH, Fitzpatrick M, Fulfrost B. Proximity of food retailers to schools and rates of overweight ninth grade students: An ecological study in California. BMC Public Health. 2011;11(1):68-75.

Hurvitz PM, Moudon AV, Rehm CD, Streichert LC, Drewnowski A. Arterial roads and area socioeconomic status are predictors of fast food restaurant density in king county, WA. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009;6:46.

Inagami S, Cohen DA, Brown AF, Asch SM. Body mass index, neighborhood fast food and restaurant concentration, and car ownership. J Urban Health. 2009;86(5):683-695.

Jeffery RW, Baxter J, McGuire M, Linde J. Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006;3:2.

Jennings A, Welch A, Jones AP, et al. Local food outlets, weight status, and dietary intake: Associations in children aged 9–10 years. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(4):405-410.

Kwate NO. Fried chicken and fresh apples: Racial segregation as a fundamental cause of fast food density in black neighborhoods. Health Place. 2008;14(1):32-44.

Kwate NO, Yau CY, Loh JM, Williams D. Inequality in obesigenic environments: Fast food density in New York City. Health Place. 2009;15(1):364-373.

Larson NI, Story M, Nelson MC. Restaurant realities: Inequalities in access to healthy restaurant choices, A research brief. Princeton, NJ: Healthy Eating Research, a National Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; July 2008.

Lewis LB, Sloane DC, Nascimento LM, et al. African Americans’ access to healthy food options in south Los Angeles restaurants. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(4):668-673.

Li F, Harmer P, Cardinal BJ, Bosworth M, Johnson-Shelton D. Obesity and the built environment: Does the density of neighborhood fast-food outlets matter? Am J Health Promot. 2009;23(3):203-209.

Lin BH, Guthrie J, Frazao E. Away-from-home foods increasingly important to quality of American diet. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/.

Macdonald L, Cummins S, Macintyre S. Neighbourhood fast food environment and area deprivation-substitution or concentration? Appetite. 2007;49(1):251-254.

Maddock J. The relationship between obesity and the prevalence of fast food restaurants: State-level analysis. Am J Health Promot. 2004;19(2):137-143.

Mehta NK, Chang VW. Weight status and restaurant availability a multilevel analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2008;34(2):127-133.

Mellor JM, Dolan CB, Rapoport RB. Child body mass index, obesity, and proximity to fast food restaurants. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010.

Moore LV, Diez Roux AV, Nettleton JA, Jacobs DR, Franco M. Fast-food consumption, diet quality, and neighborhood exposure to fast food. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;170(1):29.

Niemeier HM, Raynor HA, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Rogers ML, Wing RR. Fast food consumption and breakfast skipping: Predictors of weight gain from adolescence to adulthood in a nationally representative sample. J Adolesc Health. 2006;39(6):842-849.

Paeratakul S, Ferdinand DP, Champagne CM, Ryan DH, Bray GA. Fast-food consumption among US adults and children: Dietary and nutrient intake profile. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103(10):1332-1338.

Pearce J, Hiscock R, Blakely T, Witten K. A national study of the association between neighbourhood access to fast-food outlets and the diet and weight of local residents. Health Place. 2009;15(1):193-197.

Pereira MA, Kartashov AI, Ebbeling CB, et al. Fast-food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance (the CARDIA study): 15-year prospective analysis. Lancet. 2005;365(9453):36-42.

Powell LM, Auld MC, Chaloupka FJ, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD. Access to fast food and food prices: Relationship with fruit and vegetable consumption and overweight among adolescents. Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res. 2007;17:23-48.

Powell LM, Chaloupka FJ, Bao Y. The availability of fast-food and full-service restaurants in the United States: Associations with neighborhood characteristics. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(4 Suppl):S240-5.

Powell LM, Bao Y. Food prices, access to food outlets and child weight. Economics & Human Biology. 2009;7(1):64-72.

Prentice AM, Jebb SA. Fast foods, energy density and obesity: A possible mechanistic link. Obes Rev. 2003;4(4):187-194.

Reedy J, Krebs-Smith SM, Bosire C. Evaluating the food environment application of the healthy eating index-2005. Am J Prev Med. 2010.

Saelens BE, Glanz K, Sallis JF, Frank LD. Nutrition environment measures study in restaurants (NEMS-R): Development and evaluation. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(4):273-281.

Satia JA, Galanko JA, Siega-Riz AM. Eating at fast-food restaurants is associated with dietary intake, demographic, psychosocial and behavioural factors among African Americans in North Carolina. Public Health Nutr. 2004;7(8):1089-1096.

Schmidt M, Affenito SG, Striegel-Moore R, et al. Fast-food intake and diet quality in black and white girls: The national heart, lung, and blood institute growth and health study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005;159(7):626-631.

Sharkey JR. Measuring potential access to food stores and food-service places in rural areas in the U.S. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4 Suppl):S151-5.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Han D, Huber JC,Jr. Association between neighborhood need and spatial access to food stores and fast food restaurants in neighborhoods of colonias. Int J Health Geogr. 2009;8:9.

Sharkey JR, Johnson CM, Dean WR, Horel SA. Focusing on fast food restaurants alone underestimates the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and exposure to fast food in a large rural area. Nutrition Journal. 2011;10(1):10-23.

Simon PA, Kwan D, Angelescu A, Shih M, Fielding JE. Proximity of fast food restaurants to schools: Do neighborhood income and type of school matter? Prev Med. 2008;47(3):284-288.

Smoyer-Tomic KE, Spence JC, Raine KD, et al. The association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and exposure to supermarkets and fast food outlets. Health Place. 2008;14(4):740-754.

Sturm R. Disparities in the food environment surrounding US middle and high schools. Public Health. 2008;122(7):681-690.

Thompson OM, Ballew C, Resnicow K, et al. Food purchased away from home as a predictor of change in BMI z-score among girls. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28(2):282-289.

Thornton LE, Bentley RJ, Kavanagh AM. Fast food purchasing and access to fast food restaurants: A multilevel analysis of VicLANES. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009;6:28.

Timperio AF, Ball K, Roberts R, Andrianopoulos N, Crawford DA. Children's takeaway and fast-food intakes: Associations with the neighbourhood food environment. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1960-1964.

Wiecha JL, Finkelstein D, Troped PJ, Fragala M, Peterson KE. School vending machine use and fast-food restaurant use are associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake in youth. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106(10):1624-1630.

Zenk SN, Powell LM. US secondary schools and food outlets. Health Place. 2008;14(2):336-346.

Food Insecurity

Barrett CB. Measuring food insecurity. Science. 2010;327(5967):825.

Finney Rutten LJ, Yaroch AL, Colon-Ramos U, Johnson-Askew W, Story M. Poverty, food insecurity, and obesity: A conceptual framework for research, practice, and policy. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition. 2010;5(4):403.

Freedman D. Local food environments: They’re all stocked differently. Am J Community Psychol. 2009;44(3):382-393.

Freedman D, Bell B. Access to healthful foods among an urban food insecure population: Perceptions versus reality. Journal of Urban Health. 2009;86(6):825-838.

Gordon C, Purciel-Hill M, Ghai NR, Kaufman L, Graham R, Van Wye G. Measuring food deserts in New York City’s low-income neighborhoods. Health Place. 2011;17(2):696-700.

Gundersen C, Garasky S, Lohman BJ. Food insecurity is not associated with childhood obesity as assessed using multiple measures of obesity. J Nutr. 2009;139(6):1173-1178.

Harris DE, Aboueissa AEM, Jacobus MV, Dharod J, Walter K. Mapping food stores & people at risk for food insecurity in Lewiston, Maine. 2010.

Himmelgreen DA, Romero-Daza N. Eliminating “Hunger” in the U.S.: Changes in policy regarding the measurement of food security. Food & Foodways: History & Culture of Human Nourishment. 2010;18(1):96-113.

Mann D. Urban agriculture: A response to urban food deserts. 2009.

McEntee J, Agyeman J. Towards the development of a GIS method for identifying rural food deserts: Geographic access in Vermont, USA. Appl Geogr. 2010;30(1):165-176.

Nord M, Andrews M, Carlson S. Household food security in the United States, 2008. 2009.

Pinstrup-Andersen P. Food security: Definition and measurement. Food Security. 2009;1(1):5-7.

Smith C, Morton LW. Rural food deserts: Low-income perspectives on food access in Minnesota and Iowa. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior. 2009;41(3):176-187.

Walker RE, Keane CR, Burke JG. Disparities and access to healthy food in the united states: A review of food deserts literature. Health Place. 2010;16(5):876-884.

Yousefian A, Leighton A, Fox K, Hartley D. Understanding the rural food environment--perspectives of low-income parents. Rural Remote Health. 2011;11(2):1631.

Fruits and Vegetables

Algert SJ, Agrawal A, Lewis DS. Disparities in access to fresh produce in low-income neighborhoods in Los Angeles. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30(5):365-370.

Anderson JV, Bybee DI, Brown RM, et al. 5 a day fruit and vegetable intervention improves consumption in a low income population. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101(2):195-202.

Befort C, Kaur H, Nollen N, et al. Fruit, vegetable, and fat intake among non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white adolescents: Associations with home availability and food consumption settings. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106(3):367-373.

Bertrand L, Therien F, Cloutier MS. Measuring and mapping disparities in access to fresh fruits and vegetables in Montreal. Can J Public Health. 2008;99(1):6-11.

Bodor JN, Rose D, Farley TA, Swalm C, Scott SK. Neighbourhood fruit and vegetable availability and consumption: The role of small food stores in an urban environment. Public Health Nutr. 2008;11(4):413-420.

Caldwell EM, Miller Kobayashi M, DuBow WM, Wytinck SM. Perceived access to fruits and vegetables associated with increased consumption. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1743-1750.

Cullen KW, Baranowski T, Owens E, Marsh T, Rittenberry L, de Moor C. Availability, accessibility, and preferences for fruit, 100% fruit juice, and vegetables influence children's dietary behavior. Health Educ Behav. 2003;30(5):615-626.

Dave JM, Evans AE, Pfeiffer KA, Watkins KW, Saunders RP. Correlates of availability and accessibility of fruits and vegetables in homes of low-income Hispanic families. Health Educ Res. 2010;25(1):97-108.

Drouin S, Hamelin AM, Ouellet D. Economic access to fruits and vegetables in the greater Quebec City: Do disparities exist? Can J Public Health. 2009;100(5):361-364.

Dubowitz T, Heron M, Bird CE, et al. Neighborhood socioeconomic status and fruit and vegetable intake among whites, blacks, and Mexican Americans in the united states. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(6):1883-1891.

Edmonds J, Baranowski T, Baranowski J, Cullen KW, Myres D. Ecological and socioeconomic correlates of fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption among African-American boys. Prev Med. 2001;32(6):476-481.

French SA, Stables G. Environmental interventions to promote vegetable and fruit consumption among youth in school settings. Prev Med. 2003;37:593-610.

Heim S, Stang J, Ireland M. A garden pilot project enhances fruit and vegetable consumption among children. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109(7):1220-1226.

Hosler AS, Rajulu DT, Fredrick BL, Ronsani AE. Assessing retail fruit and vegetable availability in urban and rural underserved communities. Prev Chronic Dis. 2008;5(4):A123.

Jetter KM, Cassady DL. Increasing fresh fruit and vegetable availability in a low-income neighborhood convenience store: A pilot study. Health Promot Pract. 2009.

Kropf ML, Holben DH, Holcomb JP,Jr, Anderson H. Food security status and produce intake and behaviors of special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children and farmers' market nutrition program participants. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(11):1903-1908.

Ledoux TA, Hingle MD, Baranowski T. Relationship of fruit and vegetable intake with adiposity: A systematic review. Obes Rev. 2011;12(5):e143-50.

Markowitz L. Expanding access and alternatives: Building farmers' markets in low-income communities. Food & Foodways: History & Culture of Human Nourishment. 2010;18(1):66-80.

McCormack LA, Laska MN, Larson NI, Story M. Review of the nutritional implications of farmers' markets and community gardens: A call for evaluation and research efforts. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110(3):399-408.

Michimi A, Wimberly MC. Associations of supermarket accessibility with obesity and fruit and vegetable consumption in the conterminous United States. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:49-62.

Morland K, Filomena S. Disparities in the availability of fruits and vegetables between racially segregated urban neighbourhoods. Public Health Nutr. 2007;10(12):1481-1489.

Pearce J, Hiscock R, Blakely T, Witten K. The contextual effects of neighbourhood access to supermarkets and convenience stores on individual fruit and vegetable consumption. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(3):198-201.

Pearson T, Russell J, Campbell MJ, Barker ME. Do 'food deserts' influence fruit and vegetable consumption?--A cross-sectional study. Appetite. 2005;45(2):195-197.

Pouliot N, Hamelin AM. Disparities in fruit and vegetable supply: A potential health concern in the greater Quebec City area. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(11):2051-2059.

Powell LM, Auld MC, Chaloupka FJ, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD. Access to fast food and food prices: Relationship with fruit and vegetable consumption and overweight among adolescents. Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res. 2007;17:23-48.

Rose D, Richards R. Food store access and household fruit and vegetable use among participants in the US food stamp program. Public Health Nutr. 2004;7(8):1081-1088.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Dean WR. Neighborhood deprivation, vehicle ownership, and potential spatial access to a variety of fruits and vegetables in a large rural area in Texas. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:26-52.

Slusser WM, Cumberland WG, Browdy BL, Lange L, Neumann C. A school salad bar increases frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption among children living in low-income households. Public Health Nutr. 2007;10(12):1490-1496.

Smith DM, Cummins S, Taylor M, et al. Neighbourhood food environment and area deprivation: Spatial accessibility to grocery stores selling fresh fruit and vegetables in urban and rural settings. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(1):277-284.

Stephenson G, Lev L, Brewer L. When things don't work: Some insights into why farmers' markets close. special report 1073. Oregon State University Extension Service; 2008. Available from: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pdf/sr/sr1073-e.pdf.

Timperio A, Ball K, Roberts R, Campbell K, Andrianopoulos N, Crawford D. Children's fruit and vegetable intake: Associations with the neighbourhood food environment. Prev Med. 2008;46(4):331-335.

Twiss J, Dickinson J, Duma S, Kleinman T, Paulsen H, Rilveria L. Community gardens: Lessons learned from California healthy cities and communities. Am J Public Health. 2003;93(9):1435-1438.

Webber CB, Sobal J, Dollahite JS. Shopping for fruits and vegetables. Food and retail qualities of importance to low-income households at the grocery store. Appetite. 2010;54(2):297-303.

Winkler E, Turrell G, Patterson C. Does living in a disadvantaged area entail limited opportunities to purchase fresh fruit and vegetables in terms of price, availability, and variety? Findings from the Brisbane food study. Health Place. 2006;12(4):741-748.

Winkler E, Turrell G, Patterson C. Does living in a disadvantaged area mean fewer opportunities to purchase fresh fruit and vegetables in the area? Findings from the Brisbane food study. Health Place. 2006;12(3):306-319.

Yeh MC, Ickes SB, Lowenstein LM, et al. Understanding barriers and facilitators of fruit and vegetable consumption among a diverse multi-ethnic population in the USA. Health Promot Int. 2008;23(1):42-51.

Zenk SN, Lachance LL, Schulz AJ, Mentz G, Kannan S, Ridella W. Neighborhood retail food environment and fruit and vegetable intake in a multiethnic urban population. Am J Health Promot. 2009;23(4):255-264.

Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Hollis-Neely T, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake in African Americans income and store characteristics. Am J Prev Med. 2005;29(1):1-9.

Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Israel BA, James SA, Bao S, Wilson ML. Fruit and vegetable access differs by community racial composition and socioeconomic position in detroit, michigan. Ethn Dis. 2006;16(1):275-280.

Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Lachance LL, et al. Multilevel correlates of satisfaction with neighborhood availability of fresh fruits and vegetables. Ann Behav Med. 2009;38(1):48-59.

Grocery Stores and the Retail Food Environment

Alwitt LF, Donley TD. Retail stores in poor urban neighborhoods. J Consumer Aff. 1997;31(1):139.

Andreyeva T, Blumenthal DM, Schwartz MB, Long MW, Brownell KD. Availability and prices of foods across stores and neighborhoods: The case of New Haven, Connecticut. Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27(5):1381-1388.

Andreyeva T, Luedicke J, Middleton AE, Long MW, Schwartz MB. Changes in Access to Healthy Foods After Implementation of the WIC Food Package Revisions. New Haven, CT: Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, Yale University; 2011.

Beaulac J, Kristjansson E, Cummins S. A systematic review of food deserts, 1966-2007. Prev Chronic Dis. 2009;6(3):A105.

Bodor JN, Rice JC, Farley TA, Swalm CM, Rose D. Disparities in food access: Does aggregate availability of key foods from other stores offset the relative lack of supermarkets in African-American neighborhoods? Prev Med. 2010;51(1):63-67.

Bodor JN, Ulmer VM, Dunaway LF, Farley TA, Rose D. The rationale behind small food store interventions in low-income urban neighborhoods: Insights from New Orleans. J Nutr. 2010;140(6):1185-1188.

Borradaile KE, Sherman S, Vander Veur SS, et al. Snacking in children: The role of urban corner stores. Pediatrics. 2009;124(5):1292-1297.

Bustillos B, Sharkey JR, Anding J, McIntosh A. Availability of more healthful food alternatives in traditional, convenience, and nontraditional types of food stores in two rural texas counties. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109(5):883-889.

Cheadle A, Psaty BM, Curry S, et al. Community-level comparisons between the grocery store environment and individual dietary practices. Prev Med. 1991;20(2):250-261.

Chung C, Myers J,Samuel L. Do the poor pay more for food? An analysis of grocery store availability and food price disparities. J Consumer Aff. 1999;33(2):276.

Coveney J, O'Dwyer LA. Effects of mobility and location on food access. Health Place. 2009;15(1):45-55.

Creel JS, Sharkey JR, McIntosh A, Anding J, Huber JC,Jr. Availability of healthier options in traditional and nontraditional rural fast-food outlets. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:395.

Cummins S, Petticrew M, Higgins C, Findlay A, Sparks L. Large scale food retailing as an intervention for diet and health: Quasi-experimental evaluation of a natural experiment. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005;59(12):1035-1040.

Cummins S, Petticrew M, Sparks L, Findlay A. Large scale food retail interventions and diet. BMJ. 2005;330(7493):683-684.

Day PL, Pearce J. Obesity-promoting food environments and the spatial clustering of food outlets around schools. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(2):113-121.

Diller PA, Graff S. Regulating food retail for obesity prevention: How far can cities go? Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. 2011;39:89-93.

Farley TA, Baker ET, Futrell L, Rice JC. The ubiquity of energy-dense snack foods: A national multicity study. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(2):306-311.

Farley TA, Rice J, Bodor JN, Cohen DA, Bluthenthal RN, Rose D. Measuring the food environment: Shelf space of fruits, vegetables, and snack foods in stores. J Urban Health. 2009;86(5):672-682.

Fisher BD, Strogatz DS. Community measures of low-fat milk consumption: Comparing store shelves with households. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(2):235-237.

Ford PB, Dzewaltowski DA. Disparities in obesity prevalence due to variation in the retail food environment: Three testable hypotheses. Nutr Rev. 2008;66(4):216-228.

Frank L, Kerr J, Saelens B, Sallis J, Glanz K, Chapman J. Food outlet visits, physical activity and body weight: Variations by gender and race-ethnicity. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(2):124-131.

Franzen L, Smith C. Food system access, shopping behavior, and influences on purchasing groceries in adult Hmong living in Minnesota. American Journal of Health Promotion. 2010;24(6):396-409.

Galvez MP, Hong L, Choi E, Liao L, Godbold J, Brenner B. Childhood obesity and neighborhood food-store availability in an inner-city community. Acad Pediatr. 2009;9(5):339-343.

Galvez MP, Morland K, Raines C, et al. Race and food store availability in an inner-city neighbourhood. Public Health Nutr. 2008;11(6):624-631.

Gans KM, Sheldon M, Tai R, George T, Lawson E, Pearlman DN. Availability, affordability, and accessibility of a healthful diet in a low-income community, central falls, rhode island, 2007-2008. Prev Chronic Dis. 2010;7(2):A43.

Gaumer CJ, Arnone C. Grocery store observation: Parent-child interaction in family purchases. J Food Prod Market. 2010;16(1):1-18.

Gibson DM. The neighborhood food environment and adult weight status: Estimates from longitudinal data. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(1):71-78.

Gittelsohn J, Song HJ, Suratkar S, et al. An urban food store intervention positively affects food-related psychosocial variables and food behaviors. Health Educ Behav. 2009.

Gittelsohn J, Suratkar S, Song HJ, et al. Process evaluation of Baltimore healthy stores: A pilot health intervention program with supermarkets and corner stores in baltimore city. Health Promot Pract. 2009.

Glanz K, Sallis JF, Saelens BE, Frank LD. Nutrition environment measures survey in stores (NEMS-S): Development and evaluation. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(4):282-289.

Hee-Jung Song, Gittelsohn J, Kim M, Suratkar S, Sharma S, Anliker J. A corner store intervention in a low-income urban community is associated with increased availability and sales of some healthy foods. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(11):2060-2067.

Hosler AS. Retail food availability, obesity, and cigarette smoking in rural communities. J Rural Health. 2009;25(2):203-210.

Hosler AS, Varadarajulu D, Ronsani AE, Fredrick BL, Fisher BD. Low-fat milk and high-fiber bread availability in food stores in urban and rural communities. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2006;12(6):556-562.

Howard PH, Fitzpatrick M, Fulfrost B. Proximity of food retailers to schools and rates of overweight ninth grade students: An ecological study in California. BMC Public Health. 2011;11(1):68-75.

Inagami S, Cohen DA, Finch BK, Asch SM. You are where you shop: Grocery store locations, weight, and neighborhoods. Am J Prev Med. 2006;31(1):10-17.

Inglis V, Ball K, Crawford D. Socioeconomic variations in women's diets: What is the role of perceptions of the local food environment? J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(3):191-197.

Jago R, Baranowski T, Baranowski JC, Cullen KW, Thompson D. Distance to food stores & adolescent male fruit and vegetable consumption: Mediation effects. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2007;4:35.

Jennings A, Welch A, Jones AP, et al. Local food outlets, weight status, and dietary intake: Associations in children aged 9–10 years. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(4):405-410.

Jetter KM, Cassady DL. Increasing fresh fruit and vegetable availability in a low-income neighborhood convenience store: A pilot study. Health Promot Pract. 2009.

Jetter KM, Cassady DL. The availability and cost of healthier food alternatives. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30(1):38-44.

Johnson TD. Virtual supermarkets increase healthy food access in Baltimore. Nation's Health. 2010;40(7):9-9.

Karpyn A, Manon M, Treuhaft S, Giang T, Harries C, McCoubrey K. Policy solutions to the 'grocery gap'. Health Aff. 2010;29(3):473-480.

Kaufman P. Rural poor have less access to supermarkets, large grocery stores. Rural Development Perspectives. 1998;13(3):19-26.

Krukowski RA, West DS, Harvey-Berino J, Elaine Prewitt T. Neighborhood impact on healthy food availability and pricing in food stores. J Community Health. 2010;35(3):315-320.

Laraia BA, Siega-Riz AM, Kaufman JS, Jones SJ. Proximity of supermarkets is positively associated with diet quality index for pregnancy. Prev Med. 2004;39(5):869-875.

Larsen K, Gilliland J. A farmers' market in a food desert: Evaluating impacts on the price and availability of healthy food. Health Place. 2009;15(4):1158-1162.

Larsen K, Gilliland J. Mapping the evolution of 'food deserts' in a Canadian city: Supermarket accessibility in London, Ontario, 1961-2005. Int J Health Geogr. 2008;7:16.

Larson N, Story M, Nelson MC. Bringing healthy foods home: Examining inequalities in access to food stores, A research brief. Princeton, NJ: Healthy Eating Research, a National Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; July 2008.

Laska MN, Borradaile KE, Tester J, Foster GD, Gittelsohn J. Healthy food availability in small urban food stores: A comparison of four US cities. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(7):1031-1035.

Levy J. 10 ways to get healthy, local foods into low-income neighborhoods. A Minneapolis resource guide. Minneapolis, MN: Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy; 2007.

Liese AD, Weis KE, Pluto D, Smith E, Lawson A. Food store types, availability, and cost of foods in a rural environment. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(11):1916-1923.

Liu GC, Wilson JS, Qi R, Ying J. Green neighborhoods, food retail and childhood overweight: Differences by population density. Am J Health Promot. 2007;21(4 Suppl):317-325.

Michimi A, Wimberly MC. Associations of supermarket accessibility with obesity and fruit and vegetable consumption in the conterminous united states. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:49-62.

Moore LV, Diez Roux AV. Associations of neighborhood characteristics with the location and type of food stores. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(2):325-331.

Morland K, Diez Roux AV, Wing S. Supermarkets, other food stores, and obesity: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30(4):333-339.

Morland K, Filomena S. The utilization of local food environments by urban seniors. Prev Med. 2008;47(3):289-293.

Morland K, Wing S, Diez Roux A. The contextual effect of the local food environment on residents' diets: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(11):1761-1767.

Morland K, Wing S, Diez Roux A, Poole C. Neighborhood characteristics associated with the location of food stores and food service places. Am J Prev Med. 2002;22(1):23-29.

Morton L, Blanchard T. Starved for access: Life in rural America’s food deserts. Rural Realities. 2007;1(4):1-10.

Pearce J, Blakely T, Witten K, Bartie P. Neighborhood deprivation and access to fast-food retailing: A national study. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(5):375-382.

Pothukuchi K. Attracting supermarkets to inner-city neighborhoods: Economic development outside the box. Economic Development Quarterly. 2005;19(3):232-244.

Powell LM, Auld MC, Chaloupka FJ, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD. Associations between access to food stores and adolescent body mass index. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(4 Suppl 1):S301-7.

Powell LM, Bao Y. Food prices, access to food outlets and child weight. Economics & Human Biology. 2009;7(1):64-72.

Rose D, Hutchinson PL, Bodor JN, et al. Neighborhood food environments and body mass index: The importance of in-store contents. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37(3):214-219.

Santos A. Relation of neighborhood socioeconomic status and food store availability with dietary intake patterns and health markers in female Japanese dietetic students. Nutrition. 2009.

Shaffer A. The persistence of L.A.'s grocery gap: The need for a new food policy and approach to market development. Los Angeles, CA: Center for Food and Justice, Urban and Environmental Policy Institute, Occidental College; 2002. Available from: http://uepiapps.oxy.edu/pubs.htm.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Han D, Huber JC,Jr. Association between neighborhood need and spatial access to food stores and fast food restaurants in neighborhoods of colonias. Int J Health Geogr. 2009;8:9.

Smith DM, Cummins S, Taylor M, et al. Neighbourhood food environment and area deprivation: Spatial accessibility to grocery stores selling fresh fruit and vegetables in urban and rural settings. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(1):277-284.

Song HJ, Gittelsohn J, Kim M, Suratkar S, Sharma S, Anliker J. A corner store intervention in a low-income urban community is associated with increased availability and sales of some healthy foods. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(11):2060-2067.

Sturm R, Datar A. Body mass index in elementary school children, metropolitan area food prices and food outlet density. Public Health. 2005;119(12):1059-1068.

Rose D, Hutchinson PL, Bodor JN, et al. "Neighborhood Food Environments and Body Mass Index: The Importance of in-Store Contents." American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 37(3): 214-9, 2009.

Tester JM, Yen IH, Pallis LC, Laraia BA. Healthy food availability and participation in WIC (special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children) in food stores around lower- and higher-income elementary schools. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(6):960-964.

Vallianatos M, Azuma AM, Gilliland S, Gottlieb R. Food access, availability, and affordability in 3 los angeles communities, project CAFE, 2004-2006. Prev Chronic Dis. 2010;7(2):A27.

Webber CB, Sobal J, Dollahite JS. Shopping for fruits and vegetables. food and retail qualities of importance to low-income households at the grocery store. Appetite. 2010;54(2):297-303.

Wiig K, Smith C. The art of grocery shopping on a food stamp budget: Factors influencing the food choices of low-income women as they try to make ends meet. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1726-1734.

Wrigley N, Warm D, Margetts B. Deprivation, diet, and food-retail access: Findings from the Leeds 'food deserts' study. Environment and Planning A. - Pion Ltd; 2003;35(1):151-188.

Wrigley N, Warm D, Margetts B, Whelan A. Assessing the impact of improved retail access on diet in a 'food desert': A preliminary report. Urban Stud. 2002;39(11):2061-2082..

Zenk SN, Lachance LL, Schulz AJ, Mentz G, Kannan S, Ridella W. Neighborhood retail food environment and fruit and vegetable intake in a multiethnic urban population. Am J Health Promot. 2009;23(4):255-264.

Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Israel BA, James SA, Bao S, Wilson ML. Neighborhood racial composition, neighborhood poverty, and the spatial accessibility of supermarkets in metropolitan detroit. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(4):660-667.

Neighborhood Characteristics

Ball K, Timperio A, Crawford D. Neighbourhood socioeconomic inequalities in food access and affordability. Health Place. 2009;15(2):578-585.

Black JL, Macinko J. Neighborhoods and obesity. Nutr Rev. 2008;66(1):2-20.

Black JL, Macinko J, Dixon LB, Fryer J,George E. Neighborhoods and obesity in New York City. Health Place. 2010;16(3):489-499.

Block D, Kouba J. A comparison of the availability and affordability of a market basket in two communities in the Chicago area. Public Health Nutr. 2006;9(7):837-845.

Bodor JN, Ulmer VM, Dunaway LF, Farley TA, Rose D. The rationale behind small food store interventions in low-income urban neighborhoods: Insights from new orleans. J Nutr. 2010;140(6):1185-1188.

Borradaile KE, Sherman S, Vander Veur SS, et al. Snacking in children: The role of urban corner stores. Pediatrics. 2009;124(5):1292-1297.

Bovell-Benjamin AC, Hathorn CS, Ibrahim S, Gichuhi PN, Bromfield EM. Healthy food choices and physical activity opportunities in two contrasting Alabama cities. Health Place. 2009;15(2):429-438.

Cummins S. Neighbourhood food environment and diet: Time for improved conceptual models? Prev Med. 2007;44(3):196-197.

Cummins S, Macintyre S. Food environments and obesity--neighbourhood or nation? Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35(1):100-104.

Dammann KW, Smith C. Race, homelessness, and other environmental factors associated with the food-purchasing behavior of low-income women. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110(9):1351-1356.

Edwards KL, Clarke GP, Ransley JK, Cade J. The neighbourhood matters: Studying exposures relevant to childhood obesity and the policy implications in Leeds, UK. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009.

Franco M, Diez Roux AV, Glass TA, Caballero B, Brancati FL. Neighborhood characteristics and availability of healthy foods in Baltimore. Am J Prev Med. 2008;35(6):561-567.

Gibson DM. The neighborhood food environment and adult weight status: Estimates from longitudinal data. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(1):71-78.

Hartley D, Anderson N, Fox K, Lenardson J. How does the rural food environment affect rural childhood obesity? Childhood Obesity. 2011;7(6).

Hee-Jung Song, Gittelsohn J, Kim M, Suratkar S, Sharma S, Anliker J. A corner store intervention in a low-income urban community is associated with increased availability and sales of some healthy foods. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(11):2060-2067.

Horowitz CR, Colson KA, Hebert PL, Lancaster K. Barriers to buying healthy foods for people with diabetes: Evidence of environmental disparities. Am J Public Health. 2004;94(9):1549-1554.

Inagami S, Cohen DA, Brown AF, Asch SM. Body mass index, neighborhood fast food and restaurant concentration, and car ownership. J Urban Health. 2009;86(5):683-695.

Kipke MD, Iverson E, Moore D, et al. Food and park environments: Neighborhood-level risks for childhood obesity in East Los Angeles. J Adolesc Health. 2007;40(4):325-333.

Krukowski RA, West DS, Harvey-Berino J, Elaine Prewitt T. Neighborhood impact on healthy food availability and pricing in food stores. J Community Health. 2010;35(3):315-320..

Kumar S, Quinn SC, Kriska AM, Thomas SB. “Food is directed to the area”: African Americans’ perceptions of the neighborhood nutrition environment in Pittsburgh. Health Place. 2011;17(1):370-378.

Larson NI, Story MT, Nelson MC. Neighborhood environments: Disparities in access to healthy foods in the U.S. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(1):74-81.

Larson N, Story M. Food insecurity and risk for obesity among children and families: Is there a relationship? A research brief. Princeton, NJ: Healthy Eating Research, a National Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; April 2010.

Larson NI, Story MT, Nelson MC. Neighborhood environments: Disparities in access to healthy foods in the U.S. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(1):74-81.

Lee G, Lim H. A spatial statistical approach to identifying areas with poor access to grocery foods in the city of Buffalo, New York. Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd ). 2009;46(7):1299-1315.

Lenk SN, Schulz AJ, Odoms-Young A. How neighborhood environments contribute to obesity. Am J Nurs. 2009;109(7):61-64.

Lisabeth LD, Sánchez BN, Escobar J, et al. The food environment in an urban Mexican American community. Health Place. 2010;16(3):598-605.

Lopez-Class M, Hosler AS. Assessment of community food resources: A Latino neighborhood study in upstate New York. J Poverty. 2010;14(4):369-381.

Macintyre S. Deprivation amplification revisited; or, is it always true that poorer places have poorer access to resources for healthy diets and physical activity? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2007;4:32.

Mann D. Urban agriculture: A response to urban food deserts. 2009.

Markowitz L. Expanding access and alternatives: Building farmers' markets in low-income communities. Food & Foodways: History & Culture of Human Nourishment. 2010;18(1):66-80.

Moore LV, Diez Roux AV, Nettleton JA, Jacobs DR, Franco M. Fast-food consumption, diet quality, and neighborhood exposure to fast food. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;170(1):29.

Morland KB, Evenson KR. Obesity prevalence and the local food environment. Health Place. 2009;15(2):491-495.

Neckerman KM, Bader MDM, Richards CA, et al. Disparities in the food environments of New York City public schools. Am J Prev Med. 2010;39(3):195-202.

Odoms-Young A, Zenk S, Mason M. Measuring food availability and access in African-American communities: Implications for intervention and policy. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4):S145-S150.

Pearce J, Hiscock R, Blakely T, Witten K. A national study of the association between neighbourhood access to fast-food outlets and the diet and weight of local residents. Health Place. 2009;15(1):193-197.

Powell LM, Slater S, Mirtcheva D, Bao Y, Chaloupka FJ. Food store availability and neighborhood characteristics in the United States. Prev Med. 2007;44(3):189-195.

Rose D, Hutchinson PL, Bodor JN, et al. Neighborhood food environments and body mass index: The importance of in-store contents. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37(3):214-219.

Rundle A, Neckerman KM, Freeman L, et al. Neighborhood food environment and walkability predict obesity in New York City. Environ Health Perspect. 2009;117(3):442-447.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Han D, Huber JC,Jr. Association between neighborhood need and spatial access to food stores and fast food restaurants in neighborhoods of colonias. Int J Health Geogr. 2009;8:9.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Dean WR. Neighborhood deprivation, vehicle ownership, and potential spatial access to a variety of fruits and vegetables in a large rural area in texas. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:26-52.

Sharkey JR, Johnson CM, Dean WR, Horel SA. Focusing on fast food restaurants alone underestimates the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and exposure to fast food in a large rural area. Nutrition Journal. 2011;10(1):10-23.

Sloane DC, Diamant AL, Lewis LB, et al. Improving the nutritional resource environment for healthy living through community-based participatory research. J Gen Intern Med. 2003;18(7):568-575.

Smith DM, Cummins S, Taylor M, et al. Neighbourhood food environment and area deprivation: Spatial accessibility to grocery stores selling fresh fruit and vegetables in urban and rural settings. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(1):277-284.

Smoyer-Tomic KE, Spence JC, Raine KD, et al. The association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and exposure to supermarkets and fast food outlets. Health Place. 2008;14(4):740-754.

Tester JM, Stevens SA, Yen IH, Laraia BL. An analysis of public health policy and legal issues relevant to mobile food vending. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(11):2038-2046.

Timperio AF, Ball K, Roberts R, Andrianopoulos N, Crawford DA. Children's takeaway and fast-food intakes: Associations with the neighbourhood food environment. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1960-1964.

Vallianatos M, Azuma AM, Gilliland S, Gottlieb R. Food access, availability, and affordability in 3 Los Angeles communities, project CAFE, 2004-2006. Prev Chronic Dis. 2010;7(2):A27.

Wang MC, Kim S, Gonzalez AA, MacLeod KE, Winkleby MA. Socioeconomic and food-related physical characteristics of the neighbourhood environment are associated with body mass index. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007;61(6):491-498.

Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Lachance LL, et al. Multilevel correlates of satisfaction with neighborhood availability of fresh fruits and vegetables. Ann Behav Med. 2009;38(1):48-59.

Socioeconomic Characteristics

Baker EA, Schootman M, Barnidge E, Kelly C. The role of race and poverty in access to foods that enable individuals to adhere to dietary guidelines. Prev Chronic Dis. 2006;3(3):A76.

Ball K, Timperio A, Crawford D. Neighbourhood socioeconomic inequalities in food access and affordability. Health Place. 2009;15(2):578-585.

Borradaile KE, Sherman S, Vander Veur SS, et al. Snacking in children: The role of urban corner stores. Pediatrics. 2009;124(5):1292-1297.

Darmon N, Drewnowski A. Does social class predict diet quality? Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(5):1107-1117.

Delva J, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD. Availability of more-healthy and less-healthy food choices in American schools: A national study of grade, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic differences. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(4 Suppl 1):S226-39.

Dennisuk LA, Coutinho AJ, Suratkar S, et al. Food expenditures and food purchasing among low-income, urban, African-American youth. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(6):625-628.

Drouin S, Hamelin AM, Ouellet D. Economic access to fruits and vegetables in the greater Quebec City: Do disparities exist? Can J Public Health. 2009;100(5):361-364.

Fahlman MM, McCaughtry N, Martin J, Shen B. Racial and socioeconomic disparities in nutrition behaviors: Targeted interventions needed. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior. 2010;42(1):10-16.

Frank DA, Neault NB, Skalicky A, et al. Heat or eat: The low income home energy assistance program and nutritional and health risks among children less than 3 years of age. Pediatrics. 2006;118(5):e1293-302.

Frank L, Kerr J, Saelens B, Sallis J, Glanz K, Chapman J. Food outlet visits, physical activity and body weight: Variations by gender and race-ethnicity. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(2):124-131.

Freedman DA, Bell BA. Access to healthful foods among an urban food insecure population: Perceptions versus reality. J Urban Health. 2009.

Fulp RS, McManus KD, Johnson PA. Barriers to purchasing foods for a high-quality, healthy diet in a low-income African American community. Fam Community Health. 2009;32(3):206-217.

Gans KM, Sheldon M, Tai R, George T, Lawson E, Pearlman DN. Availability, affordability, and accessibility of a healthful diet in a low-income community, central falls, rhode island, 2007-2008. Prev Chronic Dis. 2010;7(2):A43.

Gittelsohn J, Sharma S. Physical, consumer, and social aspects of measuring the food environment among diverse low-income populations. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4 Suppl 1):S161-5.

Hemphill E, Raine K, Spence JC, Smoyer-Tomic KE. Exploring obesogenic food environments in Edmonton, Canada: The association between socioeconomic factors and fast-food outlet access. Am J Health Promot. 2008;22(6):426-432.

Hurvitz PM, Moudon AV, Rehm CD, Streichert LC, Drewnowski A. Arterial roads and area socioeconomic status are predictors of fast food restaurant density in King County, WA. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009;6:46.

Kestens Y, Daniel M. Social inequalities in food exposure around schools in an urban area. Am J Prev Med. 2010;39(1):33-40.

Kwate NO. Fried chicken and fresh apples: Racial segregation as a fundamental cause of fast food density in black neighborhoods. Health Place. 2008;14(1):32-44.

Kwate NO, Yau CY, Loh JM, Williams D. Inequality in obesigenic environments: Fast food density in New York City. Health Place. 2009;15(1):364-373.

Langevin DD, Kwiatkowski C, McKay MG, et al. Evaluation of diet quality and weight status of children from a low socioeconomic urban environment supports "at risk" classification. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(11):1973-1977.

Larson N, Story M. Food insecurity and risk for obesity among children and families: Is there a relationship? A research brief. Princeton, NJ: Healthy Eating Research, a National Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; April 2010.

Larson NI, Story MT. Food insecurity and weight status among U.S. children and families: A review of the literature. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40(2):166-173.

Morgan-Smith G. Reducing the ethnic disparities in food access. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(2):202.

Odoms-Young AM, Zenk S, Mason M. Measuring food availability and access in African-American communities: Implications for intervention and policy. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4 Suppl):S145-50.

Reidpath DD, Burns C, Garrard J, Mahoney M, Townsend M. An ecological study of the relationship between social and environmental determinants of obesity. Health Place. 2002;8(2):141-145.

Santos A. Relation of neighborhood socioeconomic status and food store availability with dietary intake patterns and health markers in female Japanese dietetic students. Nutrition. 2009.

Sharkey JR, Horel S, Dean WR. Neighborhood deprivation, vehicle ownership, and potential spatial access to a variety of fruits and vegetables in a large rural area in texas. International Journal of Health Geographics. 2010;9:26-52.

Smith C, Morton LW. Rural food deserts: Low-income perspectives on food access in minnesota and iowa. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior. 2009;41(3):176-187.

Smoyer-Tomic KE, Spence JC, Raine KD, et al. The association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and exposure to supermarkets and fast food outlets. Health Place. 2008;14(4):740-754.

Surkan PJ, Coutinho AJ, Christiansen K, et al. Healthy food purchasing among African American youth: Associations with child gender, adult caregiver characteristics and the home food environment. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(4):670-677.

Tanumihardjo SA, Anderson C, Kaufer-Horwitz M, et al. Poverty, obesity, and malnutrition: An international perspective recognizing the paradox. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(11):1966-1972.

Vallianatos M, Azuma AM, Gilliland S, Gottlieb R. Food access, availability, and affordability in 3 Los Angeles communities, project CAFE, 2004-2006. Prev Chronic Dis. 2010;7(2):A27.

Walker JL, Holben DH, Kropf ML, Holcomb JP,Jr, Anderson H. Household food insecurity is inversely associated with social capital and health in females from special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children households in Appalachian Ohio. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(11):1989-1993.

Webber CB, Rojhani A. Food or fuel: Rising gasoline prices and food access among WIC families in non-metropolitan southwest Michigan. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition. 2010;5(4):484-497.

Wiig K, Smith C. The art of grocery shopping on a food stamp budget: Factors influencing the food choices of low-income women as they try to make ends meet. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(10):1726-1734.

Winkler E, Turrell G, Patterson C. Does living in a disadvantaged area entail limited opportunities to purchase fresh fruit and vegetables in terms of price, availability, and variety? Findings from the Brisbane food study. Health Place. 2006;12(4):741-748.

Winkler E, Turrell G, Patterson C. Does living in a disadvantaged area mean fewer opportunities to purchase fresh fruit and vegetables in the area? Findings from the Brisbane food study. Health Place. 2006;12(3):306-319.